One of the common causes of infertility is the presence of ovarian cysts. These cysts resemble small, fluid-filled sacs that are present in the ovaries of a woman. While some ovarian cysts aren't injurious in terms of impairing fertility, some are prone to recurrent bleeding and rupturing and need surgical treatment. Corpus luteum cysts present a medium degree of threat.
About Corpus Luteum Cysts
The corpus luteum is a temporary hormone-producing structure that is formed in the ovaries once the egg has been released. Once the egg is released, a part of the ovarian follicle slowly transforms into the corpus luteum.
The corpus luteum is responsible for the secretion of hormones like estrogen and progesterone, needed for preparing the female genital tract for fertilization and the subsequent pregnancy. If fertilization doesn't happen within a certain time frame, the corpus luteum self-destructs and is eliminated as a part of the menses. Among women with corpus luteum cysts, the presence of the cyst impairs this entire cycle.
Effect of Corpus Luteum Cysts
These cysts tend to occupy the ovarian follicle for about three months. During this period, the cyst can become painful and might induce bleeding. Since it suffocates the ovarian follicle, it impairs the entire menstrual cycle. Ovaries with corpus luteum cysts may not be able to produce the appropriate amount of hormones needed for sustaining a pregnancy.
The size of the cyst can be significant in some cases. Corpus luteal cysts of up to 4 inches are known. The increasing weight of the cyst can tilt the ovary, inducing painful contractions.
Treatment and Testing
It is usually difficult to identify this cyst during its initial stages since it doesn't induce any significant primary symptoms. Irregular menses and bleeding are the first serious indicators of ovarian cysts. Testing for corpus luteum cysts includes ultrasound, and sometimes surgical excision is needed. The attending healthcare practitioner might recommend some pain-relieving medications instead of surgical intervention if self-dissolution of the cyst is indicated.
