During the assessment of possible causes of infertility, ovarian cysts are commonly tested. There are various types of ovarian cysts. Most are benign in nature and don't induce fertility-related problems. These are often referred to as functional cysts. This is because they are found among most women as a part of their ovarian functions and usually resolve without any medical treatment. Sometimes functional cysts start bleeding, and this is when they are referred to as hemorrhagic cysts.
Hemorrhagic Cysts and Infertility
A hemorrhagic cyst is essentially a sac made of ovarian tissues, filled with bodily fluids. The size of the cyst can vary. These are usually not associated with problems like infertility. They're formed when ovarian follicles don't recede in the usual manner after release the ovum (egg) or if the ovulation is delayed to a certain extent. This causes retention of ovarian fluids, including water and minimal traces of ovarian hormones, into a sac-like structure. The most common symptom of hemorrhagic ovarian cysts is abdominal pain that is often interpreted as menstrual cramping.
Treatment Options
If the size of the hemorrhagic cyst is not threatening, there is no need for surgery or use of prescription medicines. These cysts tend to self-obliterate with a few months. However, if the pain is extreme, the attending specialist is likely to recommend the use of birth control pills. This is done to hasten the ovulation process or help the ovulation cycle complete itself, as a result of which the ovarian tissues forming the sac of the cyst are naturally eradicated.
In rare scenarios wherein the hemorrhagic cyst has reached a significant size and is showing indications of derailing the ovulation cycle to the extent of hampering the hormonal balance needed to sustain pregnancy, surgical intervention is recommended. This is usually done in the form of a laparoscopic surgery.
